· by Glendon Lloyd Dip.Canine.Nutrition Dip.Dog.Nutrigenomics
Hemp Oil – Multiple Benefits for Dog Health
Hemp seed oil is emerging as a powerful nutritional supplement in canine wellness for its exceptional fatty acid profile and diverse health applications. Extracted from the seeds of industrial hemp plants (Cannabis sativa), this nutrient-dense oil provides essential fatty acids that support multiple aspects of canine health. This comprehensive guide examines the evidence-based benefits, proper administration methods, and important considerations for incorporating hemp seed oil into your dog’s wellness regimen.
What is Hemp Seed Oil?
Hemp seed oil is a plant-derived oil pressed from the seeds of industrial hemp, a variety of Cannabis sativa cultivated specifically for industrial and nutritional uses. This botanical oil has been utilised for centuries in human nutrition and is now gaining recognition in veterinary circles for its rich concentration of essential fatty acids, particularly omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in an optimal ratio for canine health.
Summary
Hemp seed oil provides dogs with essential fatty acids their bodies cannot naturally produce, including linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid. These polyunsaturated fatty acids demonstrate anti-inflammatory, immune-modulating, and skin-supporting properties. When administered appropriately, hemp seed oil may benefit dogs with inflammatory conditions, skin issues, joint discomfort, and neurological health concerns. However, proper dosing, quality sourcing, and veterinary guidance are essential for safe and effective use. This article offers detailed information about hemp seed oil’s benefits, applications, and administration for dogs.
The hemp plant (Cannabis sativa) is one of the world’s oldest cultivated crops, with a history spanning thousands of years across numerous civilisations. Industrial hemp varieties used for seed oil production contain negligible amounts of THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), the psychoactive compound found in marijuana varieties. Hemp has been selectively bred for fibre and seed production, creating tall plants with strong stalks and high seed yields.
For commercial oil production, hemp seeds are harvested when mature and cold-pressed to extract the oil, preserving the delicate fatty acids and preventing oxidation. This careful extraction process is crucial for maintaining the nutritional integrity that makes hemp seed oil valuable for canine health.
Key Active Compounds
Hemp seed oil derives its therapeutic properties from several bioactive compounds:
Trace Minerals: Includes magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, and zinc in small amounts
Chlorophyll: Plant pigment with detoxifying and anti-inflammatory properties
Protein Residues: Small amounts of amino acids that support various bodily functions
While these nutritional elements are present in relatively small quantities, they work synergistically with the primary active compounds to enhance the therapeutic effects of hemp seed oil for canine health.
Bioactive Properties
Essential Fatty Acids
Hemp seed oil is valued primarily for its exceptional fatty acid composition:
Balanced Omega Ratio:
Provides the ideal 3:1 ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids
Dogs cannot produce these essential fatty acids internally
This optimal balance helps prevent inflammatory imbalances
Supports proper cellular function throughout the body
Linoleic Acid (LA):
Essential omega-6 fatty acid that dogs cannot synthesise
Precursor to EPA and DHA (though conversion is limited in dogs)
Supports anti-inflammatory pathways
Contributes to cardiovascular and neurological health
Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA):
Rare omega-6 fatty acid with anti-inflammatory properties
Helps regulate hormonal balance
Supports healthy skin function
Contributes to immune system regulation
The balanced ratio of these fatty acids in hemp seed oil provides comprehensive support for canine cellular health, particularly in tissues with high cellular turnover like skin and mucous membranes.
Anti-inflammatory Mechanisms
Hemp seed oil exerts anti-inflammatory effects through several mechanisms:
Eicosanoid Regulation: Influences the production of hormone-like substances that regulate inflammatory processes
Cytokine Modulation: Helps regulate the production of inflammatory mediators
NF-κB Pathway Inhibition: May inhibit a key cellular pathway involved in inflammatory responses
These anti-inflammatory properties make hemp seed oil particularly valuable for dogs with chronic inflammatory conditions affecting the skin, joints, and digestive system.
Antioxidant Activities
Hemp seed oil contains several compounds with antioxidant properties:
Vitamin E Tocopherols: Neutralise free radicals before they can damage cells
Phytosterols: Provide cellular protection from oxidative stress
Chlorophyll: Offers protective effects against cellular damage
Terpenes: Contribute to the overall antioxidant capacity of the oil
This antioxidant activity helps protect canine cells from damage caused by environmental factors, aging processes, and inflammatory conditions, supporting overall cellular health and longevity.
Skin Barrier Support
A significant benefit of hemp seed oil is its ability to strengthen the skin’s protective barrier:
Ceramide Precursors: Supports the synthesis of ceramides, essential components of skin structure
Moisture Retention: Enhances the skin’s ability to maintain hydration
Transepidermal Water Loss Reduction: Prevents excessive water evaporation through the skin
Structural Integrity: Promotes healthy cell membranes in skin tissues
By supporting these fundamental aspects of skin health, hemp seed oil helps maintain a strong protective barrier against environmental irritants and allergens, particularly important for dogs with sensitive skin or allergic tendencies.
Particularly effective for seasonal or environmental dryness
Coat Quality Enhancement:
Reduces excessive shedding
Increases coat shine and luster
Improves coat texture and softness
Supports healthy hair follicle function
Hot Spot Prevention:
Reduces inflammatory responses in the skin
Strengthens skin barrier against bacterial invasion
Supports faster healing of minor skin irritations
May prevent progression to full hot spots
Multiple veterinary observations have noted significant improvements in skin condition scores and reduced itching in dogs supplemented with hemp seed oil, particularly when used consistently over 6-12 weeks.
Enhances effects of other anti-inflammatory supplements
May reduce need for pharmaceutical interventions in mild cases
Supports long-term joint health maintenance
While hemp seed oil alone may not dramatically improve severe arthritis, it can be a valuable component of a comprehensive joint support protocol, especially for early-stage joint issues or for maintaining mobility in active and senior dogs.
While specific canine studies are limited, the fundamental role of essential fatty acids in cardiovascular health suggests potential benefits, particularly for senior dogs or breeds predisposed to heart issues.
Neurological Health
Emerging research suggests hemp seed oil may support canine neurological function:
Supports brain health through anti-inflammatory effects
The fundamental role of fatty acids in neurological health suggests potential benefits, particularly for senior dogs experiencing age-related cognitive changes or those with specific neurological challenges.
Immune System Modulation
Hemp seed oil offers potential benefits for immune function:
These properties make hemp seed oil potentially beneficial as part of the supportive care for dogs with immune-related conditions, though it should always be used under veterinary guidance in these cases.
Administration Guidelines
Dosage Recommendations
Appropriate dosing of hemp seed oil for dogs depends primarily on body weight and the specific condition being addressed:
General Maintenance Dosing:
Small Dogs (under 10kg): 1/4 teaspoon (approximately 1-1.25ml) daily
Medium Dogs (10-25kg): 1/2 teaspoon (approximately 2.5ml) daily
Large Dogs (25-45kg): 1 teaspoon (approximately 5ml) daily
These are general guidelines only. Always begin with the lower end of the dosage range and gradually increase as needed while monitoring for effects. Therapeutic doses should only be administered under veterinary guidance, particularly for dogs with existing health conditions or those on medications.
Administration Methods
For optimal absorption and compliance, consider these administration approaches:
With Food:
Mix liquid oil with regular meals
Enhances absorption due to fat-soluble nature
Reduces potential for digestive upset
Increases compliance in most dogs
Capsule Form:
Can be hidden in treats or food
Provides precise dosing
More convenient for travel
Reduces oxidation concerns
Topical Application:
For localized skin conditions
Apply small amounts directly to affected areas
Combine with gentle massage for absorption
Consider potential for ingestion through licking
Important Considerations:
Consistency is key—benefits typically appear after 3-8 weeks of regular use
Always use measuring tools for liquid forms to ensure accurate dosing
Store properly in cool, dark locations to prevent rancidity
Consider splitting doses between morning and evening meals for better utilisation
Quality Considerations
The effectiveness of hemp seed oil largely depends on its quality:
Look for products specifically formulated for pets
Freshness:
Check production and expiration dates
Properly sealed containers prevent oxidation
Refrigeration after opening extends shelf life
Discard if oil smells rancid or extremely strong
Purity:
Look for products tested for contaminants
Verify third-party testing for purity
Avoid products with artificial additives
Cold-pressed, unrefined oil contains maximum nutrients
Packaging:
Dark glass bottles protect oil from light degradation
Airtight containers prevent oxidation
Proper labeling indicates quality manufacturing
Small bottles reduce oxidation from frequent opening
Always choose products specifically formulated for pets or human-grade supplements from reputable manufacturers, avoiding products with artificial additives, flavouring, or fillers that may cause sensitivities in dogs.
Potential Side Effects and Precautions
Common Side Effects
Hemp seed oil is generally well-tolerated by most dogs, but potential side effects may include:
Initial coat shedding as new hair growth is stimulated
Slight drowsiness in some sensitive dogs
Possible breath odour changes
Most side effects are mild and transient, often resolving as the dog’s system adjusts to the supplement. Starting with lower doses and gradually increasing can minimize these effects.
Contraindications
Hemp seed oil may not be appropriate for all dogs, particularly:
Health Conditions:
Dogs with diagnosed bleeding disorders
Dogs with known fat metabolism disorders
Dogs with diagnosed pancreatitis or history of pancreatitis
Dogs with severe liver compromise
Pre-Surgical Considerations:
Should be discontinued 5-7 days before scheduled surgery
May slightly affect blood clotting time
Can be resumed after complete surgical recovery
Always inform your veterinarian about all supplements
Serious Allergies:
Dogs with known allergies to hemp or cannabis plants
Previous negative reactions to hemp-based products
Multiple or severe food sensitivities (increased reaction risk)
History of anaphylactic reactions to supplements
Always consult with a veterinarian before introducing hemp seed oil to dogs with any pre-existing health conditions or concerns.
Drug Interactions
Hemp seed oil may interact with certain medications:
Blood-Thinning Medications:
May enhance effects of prescribed anticoagulants
Potentially increases bleeding risk when combined with NSAIDs
Could affect platelet function
Requires careful monitoring if used concurrently
Liver-Metabolised Drugs:
Potential competition for liver enzyme pathways
May affect drug metabolism
Could alter drug effectiveness
Requires dosing separation (at least 2 hours)
Medications with Fat-Enhanced Absorption:
May increase absorption of fat-soluble medications
Could potentially increase side effects of some drugs
Might alter drug concentrations in the bloodstream
Requires veterinary monitoring
Immunosuppressive Drugs:
Could modify effects of immunosuppressants
Potential alteration of drug efficacy
May affect dosing requirements
Should only be combined under veterinary guidance
Always provide a complete list of your dog’s medications and supplements to your veterinarian before introducing hemp seed oil to prevent potential interactions.
Frequently Asked Questions
How long before hemp seed oil shows results in dogs?
For skin and coat issues, allow 4-8 weeks of consistent supplementation before expecting noticeable improvements. Initial changes often include reduced itching and inflammation (2-3 weeks), followed by improved coat quality and reduced dryness (4-6 weeks). For joint support or inflammatory conditions, benefits may take 6-12 weeks to become apparent. Consistency is crucial—daily administration at the recommended dosage provides better results than occasional use. Some dogs may respond more quickly than others based on individual metabolism, age, and specific health conditions. Keep a simple journal of symptoms to track improvements objectively.
Is hemp seed oil the same as CBD oil for dogs?
No, hemp seed oil and CBD oil are distinctly different products derived from the same plant species but containing entirely different compounds. Hemp seed oil is pressed from hemp seeds and contains no cannabinoids like CBD or THC—it’s valued for its nutritional profile, particularly essential fatty acids. CBD oil is extracted from hemp flowers and leaves and contains cannabidiol (CBD), which interacts with the endocannabinoid system. Hemp seed oil primarily supports health through nutritional pathways, while CBD oil works through interaction with specific receptors. Some products combine both for complementary benefits, but they serve different purposes. Hemp seed oil is legally unrestricted as a nutritional supplement, while CBD products have varying legal status depending on location.
Can hemp seed oil help with my dog’s anxiety?
Hemp seed oil may indirectly support dogs with mild anxiety through its nutritional benefits rather than through direct calming effects. The essential fatty acids support overall neurological health and may help regulate inflammatory processes that can influence mood and stress responses. However, hemp seed oil does not contain CBD or other cannabinoids that more directly influence anxiety. For optimal results with anxiety-related issues, combine hemp seed oil with appropriate behavioral modifications, environmental management, and veterinary guidance. Some dogs may show modest improvements in general well-being that could indirectly support stress resilience. For significant anxiety issues, hemp seed oil should complement rather than replace more targeted interventions. Consistent use over 4-8 weeks may contribute to overall neurological balance.
Is hemp seed oil safe for puppies?
Hemp seed oil is generally considered safe for puppies over 12 weeks of age, but should be used conservatively. Puppies metabolize supplements differently than adult dogs, so start with half the recommended dose based on current weight, not projected adult size. Monitor carefully for any digestive upset and discontinue if any adverse reactions occur. Puppies with congenital conditions, especially liver issues or digestive disorders, should not receive hemp seed oil without veterinary approval. The supplement is most beneficial for puppies with early signs of skin sensitivities, dry coat, or developmental support needs. Always consult with a veterinarian before giving any supplement to growing puppies, as their nutritional needs are critical for proper development.
How does hemp seed oil compare to fish oil for dogs?
Hemp seed oil and fish oil offer complementary but different benefits for canine health. Fish oil primarily provides preformed EPA and DHA omega-3 fatty acids, which offer potent anti-inflammatory benefits throughout the body, with particular benefits for heart, brain, and joint health. Hemp seed oil provides a balanced ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids (primarily ALA, which dogs convert to EPA/DHA with limited efficiency) and offers excellent skin barrier support. Fish oil typically produces stronger systemic anti-inflammatory effects, while hemp seed oil excels at skin-specific concerns and providing a balanced fatty acid profile. Many veterinarians recommend both supplements together for comprehensive benefits—fish oil for strong omega-3 support and hemp seed oil for balanced fatty acids and skin health. The ideal approach depends on your dog’s specific health needs.
Will hemp seed oil make my dog “high”?
Absolutely not. Hemp seed oil contains no THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) or CBD (cannabidiol), the compounds associated with cannabis’s psychoactive and therapeutic effects. It is purely a nutritional oil extracted from hemp seeds, which naturally contain no cannabinoids. Commercial hemp seed oil for supplements is required to contain less than 0.3% THC, and most contain none at all. Your dog will experience only the nutritional benefits of the essential fatty acids and other nutrients, with no mind-altering effects whatsoever. This makes hemp seed oil appropriate for working dogs, service animals, competition dogs, and any dogs where normal cognitive function is essential. Always purchase from reputable companies that verify their products through third-party testing to ensure purity.
Can hemp seed oil help with my dog’s seasonal allergies?
Hemp seed oil may help manage seasonal allergies in dogs through its anti-inflammatory properties and skin barrier support. The essential fatty acids help regulate inflammatory responses that drive allergy symptoms, potentially reducing itching, redness, and discomfort. It works best when started 3-4 weeks before the typical allergy season begins and continued throughout the problematic period. Hemp seed oil will not eliminate allergies but can help moderate symptoms when used alongside appropriate veterinary care. It’s particularly effective for skin manifestations of allergies rather than respiratory symptoms. Consider combining with omega-3 supplements for enhanced anti-inflammatory effects. For severe allergies, hemp seed oil should complement rather than replace conventional veterinary treatments.
What form of hemp seed oil is best for dogs?
Gelcap or liquid forms both have advantages for canine use. Gelcaps offer precise dosing, longer shelf stability, and easier administration for many dogs—they can be hidden in treats or given directly. Liquid oil provides more flexible dosing (particularly important for very small dogs) and typically faster absorption when mixed with food. Cold-pressed, organic hemp seed oil in either form generally offers superior quality and efficacy. Products formulated specifically for pets often include appropriate preservatives and concentrations for canine needs. Always check for third-party testing verification and proper sealing to ensure freshness. Refrigeration after opening extends shelf life significantly for all forms. For optimal results, choose a product in dark glass packaging that protects the oil from light degradation.
How much hemp seed oil is too much for my dog?
Excessive hemp seed oil supplementation may cause adverse effects rather than enhanced benefits. Symptoms of overdose primarily involve digestive upset (diarrhea, vomiting), excess calories from fat, and potential nutrient imbalances with long-term overuse. Never exceed twice the recommended therapeutic dose for your dog’s weight. If accidental acute overdose occurs, monitor for symptoms and contact your veterinarian if digestive upset persists beyond 24 hours. Chronic overdosing may potentially create imbalances in the overall fatty acid ratio or contribute to weight gain due to the caloric content of oils. If you suspect your dog has received too much hemp seed oil, discontinue for 3-5 days before restarting at the appropriate dose. Most dogs tolerate brief periods of higher dosing without significant issues, but sustained overdosing should be avoided.
Will hemp seed oil help my dog’s arthritis?
Hemp seed oil may provide moderate support for dogs with arthritis as part of a comprehensive joint care plan. Its anti-inflammatory properties can help reduce joint inflammation and associated discomfort, particularly in early or mild cases. For optimal joint support, combine with omega-3 supplements (fish oil), glucosamine, chondroitin, and other joint-specific nutrients. Hemp seed oil appears beneficial for both inflammatory and degenerative joint conditions through different mechanisms. Consistency is essential—allow 6-8 weeks of regular supplementation before evaluating effectiveness. While not a replacement for prescribed pain management or medical treatment, many owners report improved mobility and comfort when hemp seed oil is included in their dog’s joint support regimen. Regular, gentle exercise and weight management remain crucial components of any arthritis management plan.
Can hemp seed oil help with my dog’s anxiety?
Hemp seed oil may offer modest support for dogs with mild anxiety through its nutritional benefits rather than through direct calming effects. The essential fatty acids support overall neurological health and may help regulate inflammatory processes that can influence mood and stress responses. However, hemp seed oil does not contain CBD or other cannabinoids that more directly influence anxiety.
For optimal results with anxiety-related issues, combine hemp seed oil with appropriate behavioural modifications, environmental management, and veterinary guidance. Some dogs may show modest improvements in general well-being that could indirectly support stress resilience. The omega-3 fatty acids in hemp seed oil support brain health and cognitive function, which may contribute to a more balanced emotional state over time.
It’s important to note that hemp seed oil is not a quick-fix solution for acute anxiety or severe behavioral issues. For significant anxiety problems, hemp seed oil should complement rather than replace more targeted interventions such as behaviour modification, training, or veterinarian-prescribed treatments. Consistent use over 4-8 weeks may contribute to overall neurological balance and support your dog’s ability to cope with mild stressors.
For dogs with more serious anxiety issues, consult with your veterinarian about comprehensive approaches that might include appropriate medications, behavior modification programs, or the potential use of CBD products specifically formulated for anxiety.
Conclusion
Hemp seed oil represents a valuable natural supplement for supporting canine health across multiple systems. Its perfectly balanced essential fatty acid profile provides meaningful benefits for skin and coat conditions, inflammatory processes, joint health, and overall wellness. When properly sourced, dosed, and administered, it offers a gentle yet effective approach to many common canine health challenges.
The evidence is particularly compelling for its use in dermatological conditions, where hemp seed oil’s ability to strengthen the skin barrier, reduce inflammation, and support healthy coat growth addresses the root causes of many skin issues rather than simply masking symptoms. Similarly, its balanced omega profile makes it an excellent foundational supplement for general health maintenance and prevention.
As with any supplement, quality matters significantly. Choosing cold-pressed, organic hemp seed oil from reputable manufacturers ensures maximum potency and safety. Careful attention to appropriate dosing based on your dog’s size and specific needs further optimises results while minimising potential side effects.
While hemp seed oil should not replace appropriate veterinary care for diagnosed conditions, it can serve as a valuable component of an integrated approach to canine health and wellbeing. With proper implementation and realistic expectations, many dog owners may find this botanical oil offers meaningful improvements in their companion’s quality of life, particularly for those struggling with skin issues, inflammatory conditions, or age-related changes.
Always consult with a veterinary professional before introducing any new supplement to your dog’s regimen, particularly for those with pre-existing health conditions or taking medications. This thoughtful approach ensures the safest and most effective use of hemp seed oil as part of your dog’s overall health care plan.
About Glendon Lloyd Dip.Canine.Nutrition Dip.Dog.Nutrigenomics
I have had dogs from the day I was born. Much to my Mum's amusement, my Dad bought home Zetta, a beautiful corgi puppy on the day, as his contribution to our new family!
Fast forward to 2018 and Catherine, my wife, and one of our dogs Poppy, were both diagnosed and treated for cancer within months of each other
Diet and its impact on health, cancer particularly, led me down a rabbit hole of discovery.
I consumed information voraciously - on our diets, our dogs' diets and the impact these have not just on health but also the health of our increasingly fragile planet.
I was humbled by the time and expertise given so freely by doctors and vets, canine nutritionists and scientists, academics and agronomists. The more I learned the more I understood there had to be a better way to improve not just our health but also our dogs and the planet's.
The result of my trip down that rabbit hole is Bonza, a plant-based dog food that elevates our dogs' diet beyond simple nutrition to a diet that inspires a healthier everyday life for our dogs and the planet.
I am continually researching the nutritional impact our dogs' diets have on their health and wellbeing and the ingredients and nutrients we should include in, and exclude from, their food to deliver longer, healthier lives.
I am delighted that my trip down the rabbit hole has led to me completing a Diploma in Canine Nutrigenomics and a Diploma in Canine Nutrition being awarded a Distinction for both my coursework and theses!
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