Summary
Staffordshire Bull Terriers carry one of the highest atopic dermatitis burdens of any breed, with gut-skin axis dysregulation at the centre of the chronic itch-scratch-flare cycle most Staffy owners know all too well. Research confirms that dysbiosis of the gut microbiome is associated with canine atopic dermatitis, driving barrier dysfunction, mast cell activation, and systemic immune hyperreactivity. This guide, written by Glendon Lloyd (Diploma in Canine Nutrition, Distinction; Diploma in Canine Nutrigenomics, Distinction), sets out the gut supplement protocol built specifically for this breed: Biotics Bioactive Bites as the daily microbiome foundation, Block Bioactive Bites to target the gut-skin and gut-immune axes driving the atopic cycle, and Belly Bioactive Bites for Staffies with active digestive symptoms or food sensitivity. Each recommendation is grounded in verified clinical evidence and Bonza’s proprietary Biotics Triad formulation.
Introduction
If you share your life with a Staffordshire Bull Terrier, you already know the drill. The scratching that starts before you have even finished your morning coffee. The red patches on the belly and between the paws. The ears that flare up. The steroids that calm things down for a while, and then do not. The hypoallergenic food switch that helped a little, or perhaps not at all. The vet appointments that offer management but never quite resolution. The quiet sense that something systemic is going on that nobody has fully explained to you.
You are right. Something systemic is going on. And the place it starts is not the skin.
The Staffordshire Bull Terrier is one of the most atopy-prone breeds in the world. Multiple independent studies across Australia, Sweden, and Finland have confirmed bull terriers as a high-risk breed for canine atopic dermatitis, a hereditary, inflammatory skin disease with a strong immune and microbiome component.¹,² That itch is not simply a surface problem. It is a signal from the gut-skin axis, the bidirectional communication system connecting the gut microbiome to the skin immune response, that something in the microbiome is out of balance.
The good news is that this axis is modifiable. And gut supplement science has advanced far enough that there is now a credentialled, evidence-based protocol for this breed.
Key Takeaways
- Staffordshire Bull Terriers carry one of the highest atopic dermatitis burdens of any breed; the gut-skin axis is the most clinically significant connection, with microbiome dysbiosis driving the immune hyperreactivity behind chronic skin flares
- The gut-skin and gut-immune axes are the dominant clinical frameworks for Staffy gut health; addressing the microbiome is the most upstream intervention for this breed’s characteristic itch-scratch-flare cycle
- Atopic dogs show significantly lower gut microbiota alpha-diversity compared to healthy controls, with compositional differences in taxa linked to gut barrier integrity and immune homeostasis³
- Calsporin® (Bacillus velezensis DSM 15544) is the only EFSA-authorised live spore-forming probiotic for dogs and the cornerstone of any Staffordshire Bull Terrier gut supplement protocol⁴
- Biotics Bioactive Bites provides the full Biotics Triad in a single daily supplement: the non-negotiable microbiome foundation for this breed
- Block Bioactive Bites targets the gut-skin and gut-immune axes directly, addressing the mast cell activation and barrier dysfunction behind the atopic cycle most Staffy owners know well
- For Staffies with active digestive symptoms or food sensitivity with a gastrointestinal expression, Belly Bioactive Bites provides targeted digestive support alongside Biotics
In This Guide
- Why Staffordshire Bull Terrier Gut Health Drives Their Supplement Needs
- The Best Gut Health Supplements for Staffordshire Bull Terriers
- Best Probiotics for Staffordshire Bull Terrier Gut Health
- Best Prebiotics for Staffordshire Bull Terriers
- Best Supplements for Staffordshire Bull Terrier Skin Allergies and Atopic Dermatitis
- How to Use These Supplements Together
- Safety, Dosage and When to See Your Vet
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Conclusion
- Related Articles
- References
Why Staffordshire Bull Terrier Gut Health Drives Their Supplement Needs
Staffordshire Bull Terriers face three converging gut vulnerabilities that make microbiome support not a nice-to-have, but a clinical priority for this breed.
The first and most significant is the gut-skin axis. Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a hereditary inflammatory skin disease with a strong microbiome component. Research using Staffordshire Bull Terriers as the study population has confirmed that atopic dermatitis in this breed involves alterations in lipid metabolism, keratinocyte proliferation, and skin barrier signalling, with diet influencing the skin transcriptome.¹ The gut-skin axis operates because a dysbiotic gut microbiome produces altered short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiles, disrupted immune signalling, and increased intestinal permeability (“leaky gut”), all of which cascade into systemic inflammatory activity that expresses at the skin. Mast cell activation, the biological event behind that deep, relentless itch, is regulated in part by gut-derived immune signalling. When the gut microbiome is out of balance, mast cells are more easily triggered, and the atopic cycle begins. The skin is the symptom. The gut is the upstream origin.
The second vulnerability is food sensitivity. Staffies appear across the literature as a breed group predisposed to both cutaneous and gastrointestinal adverse food reactions. Food sensitivity amplifies gut-immune dysregulation: sensitised immune responses in the gut wall compound the inflammatory load that drives the atopic cycle.
The third is a general predisposition to immune-mediated conditions. Beyond atopy, Staffordshire Bull Terriers carry a systemic tendency toward immune hyperreactivity. The gut-immune axis sits at the centre of this: a well-maintained, diverse microbiome modulates systemic immune responses and supports regulatory T cell activity; a dysbiotic gut amplifies them.
For a full clinical exploration of the Staffordshire Bull Terrier’s gut health profile, including the gut-skin axis, immune dysregulation, and food sensitivity research, read our complete guide: Staffordshire Bull Terrier Gut Health
These three axes converge on a single point: the microbiome. Get the microbiome right, and you are working upstream of the itch, the immune flare, and the digestive upset. That is the philosophy behind the supplement stack recommended here.
The Best Gut Health Supplements for Staffordshire Bull Terriers
Biotics Bioactive Bites: The Microbiome Foundation
Biotics Bioactive Bites is the non-negotiable daily foundation for every Staffordshire Bull Terrier gut health protocol. Its formulation delivers Bonza’s proprietary Biotics Triad: a clinically complete prebiotic, probiotic, and postbiotic combination in a single daily supplement.
The probiotic component is Calsporin® (Bacillus velezensis DSM 15544): the sole EFSA-authorised live spore-forming probiotic with specific authorisation for dogs.⁴ In 2017, EFSA’s Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed concluded that Calsporin® is safe and efficacious for dogs as a gut flora stabiliser, confirming the strain is non-toxigenic, free from antimicrobial resistance genes of concern, and suitable for the Qualified Presumption of Safety approach.⁴ The strain’s spore-forming nature is critical: it survives both the heat of manufacturing and the acidity of the canine digestive tract, arriving in the large intestine intact and viable, where it can actually influence the microbiome. Conventional Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains, by contrast, often degrade before they reach the gut.
For a Staffordshire Bull Terrier with a dysbiotic gut driving chronic skin inflammation, that distinction matters enormously. You need a probiotic that arrives where it is needed. Calsporin® does.
The Biotics Triad in Biotics is completed by two postbiotic components. L. helveticus HA-122 is a heat-inactivated postbiotic: the organism itself is no longer live, but the bioactive cell-wall components and metabolites it contributes work directly at the gut wall, supporting barrier function and immune signalling. TruPet™ is a standalone postbiotic contributing additional immune-modulating molecules. Both L. helveticus HA-122 and TruPet™ must be named individually in any complete description of the Biotics Triad because each contributes distinct mechanisms. Neither is a live probiotic.
The prebiotic layer is provided by Fibrofos™ 60 (chicory inulin at a minimum of 60% purity, supplied by Cosucra) and Biolex® MB40 (beta-glucan and mannans from Leiber GmbH). These selectively feed beneficial microbiota in the large intestine, supporting the growth and activity of SCFA-producing species whose depletion is characteristic of atopic dysbiosis³.
For the Staffordshire Bull Terrier, this complete Biotics Triad delivers gut barrier support, immune modulation, and microbiome diversity restoration at the point where the atopic cycle begins. It is not a skin supplement. It is the upstream gut intervention that makes everything downstream more effective.
Shop Biotics for Staffordshire Bull Terriers →
Block Bioactive Bites: Targeting the Gut-Skin and Gut-Immune Axes
If Biotics is the microbiome foundation, Block Bioactive Bites is the targeted axis intervention. Where Biotics addresses the microbiome broadly, Block is formulated to address the specific gut-skin and gut-immune mechanisms that define the Staffordshire Bull Terrier’s clinical presentation.
Block directly targets mast cell activity, gut barrier dysfunction, and immune hyperreactivity. These are the three mechanisms behind the itch-scratch-flare cycle that drives Staffy owners to every shampoo, antihistamine, and elimination diet on the market. The key insight is that this cycle is not simply a skin problem: it is a gut-immune problem that expresses at the skin. Block intervenes at that gut-immune interface.
For most Staffordshire Bull Terrier owners, Block is the supplement that addresses what they actually came looking for: something that finally works on the skin. The reason it works is because it does not treat the skin directly. It addresses the gut-driven immune dysregulation that is generating the skin response in the first place.
Position Block alongside Biotics, not instead of it. Biotics builds the microbiome foundation; Block targets the specific axes that Staffies are most compromised on. Used together, they cover the full upstream and targeted intervention the breed requires.
Belly Bioactive Bites: For Food Sensitivity and Digestive Symptoms
Not every Staffordshire Bull Terrier presents primarily with skin symptoms. Some express their gut-immune burden predominantly in the gastrointestinal tract: loose stools, recurrent soft faeces, a sensitive stomach that reacts to food changes, or a digestive system that never seems fully settled. For others, the gut disruption comes in the aftermath of repeated antibiotic courses, which are common in Staffies given the secondary skin infections that accompany atopic flares.
Belly Bioactive Bites provides targeted digestive support for these presentations. It is formulated for dogs with active gastrointestinal symptoms, food sensitivity with a GI expression, post-antibiotic gut disruption, or a digestive system that needs more than the microbiome maintenance that Biotics provides.
Belly is a supplement layer, not a substitute for Biotics. For Staffies with both skin and digestive presentations, the recommended approach is Biotics as the non-negotiable daily foundation, with Belly added as a targeted digestive support layer.
The Biotics Triad: Why Foundation Matters for Staffordshire Bull Terriers
The Biotics Triad, as delivered in Biotics Bioactive Bites, represents a complete three-tier approach to microbiome support: prebiotics to feed beneficial bacteria, a live probiotic to introduce and maintain them, and postbiotics to contribute direct bioactive activity at the gut wall without relying on live organism survival.
For a breed like the Staffordshire Bull Terrier, where gut dysbiosis is documented as a feature of atopic disease,³ this comprehensive approach matters. A prebiotic alone cannot restore diversity. A probiotic alone cannot directly modulate the immune response at the gut wall. A postbiotic alone cannot feed the existing microbiome. The Triad covers all three mechanisms simultaneously, which is why it is the foundation rather than an optional addition.
The three named ingredients that make this possible are Calsporin® (Bacillus velezensis DSM 15544) as the sole EFSA-authorised live probiotic for dogs; L. helveticus HA-122 as the heat-inactivated postbiotic; and TruPet™ as the standalone postbiotic, alongside Fibrofos™ 60 and Biolex® MB40 as the named prebiotic ingredients. This is not a proprietary blend with undisclosed strains. Every active component is named, characterised, and supported by a specific evidence base.
Best Probiotics for Staffordshire Bull Terrier Gut Health
The most important quality marker when evaluating any probiotic for a Staffordshire Bull Terrier is not the number of strains on the label. It is whether the strains in question actually survive to reach the gut.
Most probiotic strains marketed for dogs are Lactobacillus or Bifidobacterium species. These are heat-sensitive organisms: they begin to degrade above approximately 49°C and are frequently non-viable by the time a product reaches your dog’s bowl, let alone their large intestine. This is not a niche concern. It is a fundamental viability problem that undermines the clinical case for many dog probiotic supplements on the market.
Calsporin® (Bacillus velezensis DSM 15544) solves this problem by being spore-forming. The bacterium encapsulates itself within a protective spore coat that resists heat to at least 90°C and remains stable in pet food products for more than 12 months, based on EFSA technical assessment data.⁴ It then survives the gastric acid and bile salts of the canine digestive tract to germinate and become active in the large intestine where it is needed.
For a Staffordshire Bull Terrier with a dysbiotic gut and a history of chronic skin problems, the probiotic needs to work every day, reliably, without degradation. Calsporin® meets that standard. It is the reason it is the cornerstone of Biotics Bioactive Bites and the reason there is no clinical equivalent on the pet supplement market.
When evaluating other probiotic products for Staffies, look for: confirmed strain identity to genus, species, and strain designation; evidence of heat stability in the final product format; an actual CFU count rather than a proprietary blend figure; and species-specific regulatory authorisation. Calsporin® meets all four criteria. Most competing products meet none.
Best Prebiotics for Staffordshire Bull Terriers
Prebiotics matter for Staffordshire Bull Terriers because the populations of beneficial gut bacteria most depleted in atopic dysbiosis are the SCFA-producing species that prebiotics selectively feed. Research in atopic dogs has documented significantly reduced abundance of Lachnospiraceae family members and Ruminococcaceae family members, both of which are SCFA producers that support gut barrier integrity and regulate innate immune signalling.³ Prebiotics are the fuel that supports the recovery of these populations.
Not all prebiotics are equal. The concentration, source, and fermentability profile of the prebiotic determines how effectively it reaches and feeds target bacteria in the large intestine.
Biotics Bioactive Bites delivers two named prebiotics. Fibrofos™ 60 is a chicory-derived inulin supplied by Cosucra at a minimum concentration of 60% inulin. Inulin is a well-characterised fructan prebiotic with a large and consistent evidence base for selectively promoting Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus populations, and for increasing butyrate production via fermentation in the large intestine. Biolex® MB40 from Leiber GmbH provides beta-glucan and mannans: a complementary prebiotic layer that supports innate immune priming and influences microbial composition through different fermentation pathways.
The combination of these two named ingredients at confirmed concentrations is what differentiates Biotics from products that list a generic “prebiotic blend” without specifying source, concentration, or supplier.
Best Supplements for Staffordshire Bull Terrier Skin Allergies and Atopic Dermatitis
The key shift for Staffy owners searching for supplements to address skin allergies and atopic dermatitis is this: you are not looking for a skin supplement. You are looking for a gut supplement.
Canine atopic dermatitis research confirms that gut microbiota composition differs significantly between atopic and healthy dogs, with the atopic gut showing reduced diversity and a depleted representation of taxa associated with immune homeostasis and barrier integrity.³ The skin expression of that imbalance, including the pruritus, the secondary infections, the hot spots, and the fold dermatitis, is downstream of the gut-immune dysfunction. The most upstream intervention is microbiome support.
That said, there are two distinct supplement roles to cover for this breed.
The first is microbiome foundation. This is what Biotics Bioactive Bites provides. Restoring microbiome diversity and barrier function reduces the inflammatory load that triggers the atopic cycle. This is the long-game intervention: the one that changes the underlying biology rather than suppressing symptoms.
The second is targeted gut-immune axis support. This is what Block Bioactive Bites provides. For Staffies whose atopic dermatitis is active, whose immune reactivity is pronounced, or whose skin flares regularly, Block intervenes directly at the gut-skin and gut-immune axes. It addresses the mast cell activity and immune hyperreactivity that generates the itch response, working from the gut outward.
Together, Biotics and Block provide both the foundation and the targeted intervention this breed requires. Neither is a steroid, an antihistamine, or a topical treatment. They are gut interventions that address the biological origin of the atopic presentation.
Shop Block for Staffordshire Bull Terriers →
How to Use These Supplements Together
The recommended protocol for Staffordshire Bull Terriers depends on the individual dog’s presentation.
- For all Staffies:
Biotics Bioactive Bites daily, without exception. This is the microbiome foundation that every dog in this breed benefits from, whether or not active skin or digestive symptoms are present. The Biotics Triad supports the gut-immune and gut-skin axes as a preventive and restorative measure simultaneously.
- For Staffies with active atopic dermatitis, skin flares, or immune hyperreactivity:
Add Block Bioactive Bites alongside Biotics. Biotics builds the microbiome environment; Block addresses the specific gut-skin and gut-immune mechanisms behind the atopic cycle. Use both concurrently, not as alternatives.
- For Staffies with active digestive symptoms, food sensitivity with a gastrointestinal expression, or post-antibiotic recovery:
Add Belly Bioactive Bites alongside Biotics. For Staffies presenting with both skin and digestive symptoms, the full three-supplement protocol (Biotics + Block + Belly) covers the complete clinical picture.
- The protocol follows a simple logic:
Biotics always, then layer the targeted supplements according to presentation. Start with Biotics and allow four to six weeks before adding further supplements. This allows the microbiome foundation to establish before layering additional axes support. In cases of significant active atopic flaring, Biotics and Block can be introduced simultaneously.
- Consistency is the factor most likely to determine outcome.
These supplements work via the gut microbiome, and microbiome change takes time. Owner expectation management is important: set a twelve-week assessment window, not a two-week one.
Safety, Dosage and When to See Your Vet
Biotics, Block, and Belly Bioactive Bites are all formulated as complementary pet food supplements, not veterinary medicines. They are safe for long-term daily use in healthy adult dogs. Always follow the dosage guidelines on the product label and adjust for body weight as directed.
Calsporin® (Bacillus velezensis DSM 15544), the probiotic strain in Biotics, has been evaluated by EFSA as safe for dogs, their owners, and the environment at the authorised inclusion levels. The EFSA 2017 scientific opinion confirmed no toxigenic potential, no antimicrobial resistance genes of concern, and a Qualified Presumption of Safety status for this strain.⁴
These supplements are not a substitute for veterinary treatment. If your Staffordshire Bull Terrier has active skin infections, open wounds, or a confirmed diagnosis of atopic dermatitis requiring medical management, continue working with your veterinarian. Gut supplements work at the biological root of the inflammatory cycle; they are not a replacement for veterinary care during acute episodes.
Always consult your veterinarian before introducing new supplements if your dog is on current medication, including ciclosporin, oclacitinib (Apoquel), or systemic steroids. There are no known interactions with these medications and the supplement ingredients listed here, but your vet should be informed of all supplements your dog is receiving.
If digestive symptoms (loose stools, vomiting, reduced appetite) persist beyond two weeks after introducing a new supplement, discontinue and consult your vet.
Frequently Asked Questions
Biotics Bioactive Bites is the single most important gut health supplement for Staffordshire Bull Terriers. It delivers the full Biotics Triad: Calsporin® (Bacillus velezensis DSM 15544) as the sole EFSA-authorised live probiotic for dogs, L. helveticus HA-122 as a heat-inactivated postbiotic, TruPet™ as a standalone postbiotic, and two named prebiotics in Fibrofos™ 60 and Biolex® MB40. This is the complete microbiome foundation the breed’s gut-skin and gut-immune vulnerabilities require.
Yes, and the evidence for this is stronger than for most breeds. Staffordshire Bull Terriers carry a documented predisposition to atopic dermatitis, which is associated with gut microbiome dysbiosis. Atopic dogs show significantly lower gut microbiota alpha-diversity compared to healthy controls, with reduced abundance of taxa linked to SCFA production, gut barrier integrity, and immune homeostasis.³ Probiotic support, particularly with a strain that actually reaches the large intestine, directly addresses this deficit. Calsporin® (Bacillus velezensis DSM 15544) in Biotics Bioactive Bites is the only EFSA-authorised live spore-forming probiotic for dogs and the clinically justified choice for this breed.
The most effective approach to Staffy atopic dermatitis from a supplement standpoint is twofold: Biotics Bioactive Bites to rebuild the microbiome foundation upstream of the inflammatory cycle, and Block Bioactive Bites to target the gut-skin and gut-immune axes directly. Block addresses the mast cell activation, gut barrier dysfunction, and immune hyperreactivity that generate the itch-scratch-flare cycle. These work as gut interventions, not topical treatments, because the atopic cycle originates in the gut-immune axis, not at the skin surface.
Yes. Prebiotics and probiotics work synergistically as a synbiotic: the prebiotics feed and sustain the beneficial bacteria that the probiotic introduces and supports. Biotics Bioactive Bites delivers both simultaneously as part of the complete Biotics Triad, which is the most effective approach. There is no benefit to separating prebiotic and probiotic administration in dogs.
Biotics Bioactive Bites is the microbiome foundation: the daily probiotic, prebiotic, and postbiotic supplement that supports gut diversity, barrier function, and baseline immune modulation. Block Bioactive Bites is the targeted axis supplement: formulated specifically to address the gut-skin and gut-immune mechanisms driving the atopic cycle. Biotics is for every Staffy, every day. Block is the targeted layer for Staffies with active atopic dermatitis, skin flares, or immune hyperreactivity.
The honest answer is twelve weeks. Gut microbiome shifts take time to establish, and skin improvement that originates from microbiome change follows the gut, not the skin calendar. Some owners notice improvements in stool consistency or coat quality within four to six weeks. Significant reductions in atopic flare frequency typically emerge over a three-month consistent supplementation window. The key variable is consistency: gut supplements work through sustained daily use, not intermittent dosing.
No. Belly Bioactive Bites is the targeted digestive support layer for Staffies with active gastrointestinal symptoms, food sensitivity with a GI expression, or post-antibiotic gut disruption. It is not required for every dog in the breed. Biotics Bioactive Bites is the universal foundation. Belly is added when the digestive picture warrants additional support beyond what the Biotics Triad provides.
Conclusion
The Staffordshire Bull Terrier’s relationship with chronic skin problems is one of the most frustrating experiences in dog ownership. The cycle of flaring, treatment, temporary resolution, and flaring again is not inevitable, but it is also not solved by treating the skin. It is solved by addressing the gut.
The gut-skin and gut-immune axes are where the Staffordshire Bull Terrier’s atopic burden originates. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome, documented in atopic dogs at the level of reduced microbial diversity and depleted SCFA-producing taxa,³ drives the immune hyperreactivity and barrier dysfunction that express as the itch, the redness, the secondary infections, and the relentless scratch that owners spend years trying to manage.
The supplement protocol built for this breed starts at the root: Biotics Bioactive Bites as the daily microbiome foundation, delivering Calsporin® (Bacillus velezensis DSM 15544), L. helveticus HA-122, TruPet™, Fibrofos™ 60, and Biolex® MB40 in a single complete Biotics Triad formulation. Block Bioactive Bites layers on top of that foundation to address the gut-skin and gut-immune axes directly. And for Staffies whose burden extends to the digestive system, Belly Bioactive Bites provides the targeted GI support layer.
This is not a skin protocol. It is a gut protocol. That is precisely why it works for Staffordshire Bull Terriers.
Shop Biotics for Staffordshire Bull Terriers → Shop Block for Staffordshire Bull Terriers → Shop Belly for Staffordshire Bull Terriers →
Related Articles
- Best Probiotics for Dogs: Canine Nutritionist’s Guide to Real Gut Impact
- The Gut-Skin Axis in Dogs: Why Skin Problems Start in the Gut
- The Gut-Immune Axis in Dogs: How Gut Health Supports Immune Health
- Gut Dysbiosis in Dogs: Causes, Symptoms and How to Restore Balance
- The Biotics Triad: Prebiotics, Probiotics and Postbiotics for Dogs
- The Dog Gut Microbiome: Vital Key to Dog Health
References
- Anturaniemi J, Zaldívar-López S, Savelkoul HFJ, Elo K, Hielm-Björkman A. The Effect of Atopic Dermatitis and Diet on the Skin Transcriptome in Staffordshire Bull Terriers. Front Vet Sci. 2020;7:552251. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.552251. PMID: 33178726. PMC: PMC7596200.
- Nødtvedt A, Bergvall K, Sallander M, Egenvall A, Emanuelson U, Hedhammar A. A case-control study of risk factors for canine atopic dermatitis among boxer, bullterrier and West Highland white terrier dogs in Sweden. Vet Dermatol. 2007;18(5):309-315. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2007.00617.x. PMID: 17845618.
- Rostaher A, Morsy Y, Favrot C, Unterer S, Schnyder M, Scharl M, Fischer NM. Comparison of the Gut Microbiome between Atopic and Healthy Dogs: Preliminary Data. Animals (Basel). 2022;12(18):2377. doi: 10.3390/ani12182377. PMID: 36139237. PMC: PMC9495170.
- EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP), Rychen G, Aquilina G, Azimonti G, Bampidis V, Bastos ML, Bories G, Chesson A, Cocconcelli PS, Flachowsky G, Gropp J, Kolar B, Kouba M, López Puente S, López-Alonso M, Mantovani A, Mayo B, Ramos F, Villa RE, Wallace RJ, Wester P, Brozzi R, Saarela M. Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of Calsporin® (Bacillus subtilis DSM 15544) as a feed additive for dogs. EFSA Journal. 2017;15(4):e04760. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4760. PMID: 32625462. PMC: PMC7009994.
- Santoro D, Marsella R, Pucheu-Haston CM, Eisenschenk MNC, Nuttall T, Bizikova P. Review: pathogenesis of canine atopic dermatitis: skin barrier and host-micro-organism interaction. Vet Dermatol. 2015;26(2):84-e25. doi: 10.1111/vde.12197. PMID: 25683702.
- Mazrier H, Vogelnest LJ, Thomson PC, Taylor RM, Williamson P. Canine atopic dermatitis: breed risk in Australia and evidence for a susceptible clade. Vet Dermatol. 2016;27(3):167-e42. doi: 10.1111/vde.12317. PMID: 27188769.
Editorial Information
| Field | Detail |
|---|---|
| Published | April 2026 |
| Last Updated | April 2026 |
| Reviewed by | Glendon Lloyd, Diploma in Canine Nutrition (Distinction); Diploma in Canine Nutrigenomics (Distinction) |
| Next Review | April 2027 |
| Author | Glendon Lloyd |
| Disclaimer | This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute veterinary advice. Always consult a qualified veterinarian before making changes to your dog’s diet or supplement regimen. |
